Demographic and Psychographic Information Critical...

Demographic and psychographic information are critical to effective marketing communications. For the owner of a small clothing store, being able to understand who your customers are and how they think is essential to growing your business. We know that you do not have a large marketing budget, so the key marketing challenge is to use your limited marketing resources effectively. This memo will outline to you how demographic and psychographic information can be critical not just to reaching your target customer but to convincing them to visit the store and do business with you. Demographic information is used to segment the market. There are hundreds of thousands of women in the metropolitan area, and it is essential that you know which of them are coming to your store. This information can be useful in marketing communications in a few different ways. The first is that if you know who your customer is you can ensure that all communications are directly targeted to that customer. The second is that if you know who is not coming to your store, you can target specific segments within that group to entice them to come to the store. The former strategy brings in more business from your existing target market; the latter strategy broadens and adds to your target market in order to bring in more business. There are a number of different variables that comprise demographic information. These include age, life cycle stage, gender, income, social class and lifestyle (Riley,Show MoreRelatedCustomer Relationship Management : A Strategy Of Managing Customer Relationships1523 Words   |  7 Pagesintegration of customer information throughout a company in order to achieve maximum customer satisfaction and retention. CRM process is to collect, store, and analyze customer interaction information (customer knowledge), transforming the practice of marketing research. Marketing intelligence: The use of real-time customer information (customer knowledge) to achieve a competitive advantage. In short, Market Intelligence seeks completive advantage based on real-time customer information. MI begins with theRead MoreMarketing Game Introduction, Swot And Swot2326 Words   |  10 Pageshow to choose a feasible strategy and predict consumer behavior? Week 2: Marketing Game Introduction, PESTEL SWOT Personal Unlike the accounting courses, a simulation marketing game brings some fresh air into my study life. The game looks interesting that it asks us to sell backpacks to different groups of customers. To be honest, I do not have a clear view about marketing, there is not much information relating to marketing in accounting study which I have complete. The basic idea is that this isRead MoreSegmentation Analysis : Segmentation And Targeting1415 Words   |  6 Pagesmajor segmentation strategies that group various customers into segments. Fill (2009) explains that demographic segmentation consists of factors such as age, nationality or level of education. Geographic segmentation is based on the assumption that people in one area have different needs from those in another and geodemographic is based on the belief that where we live determines how we live. Psychographic segmentation requires analysis of consumers’ interests to determine their lifestyles. Martin (2011)Read MoreMarket S egmentation9161 Words   |  37 Pagessegmentation is the segmentation of markets into homogenous groups of customers, each of them reacting differently to promotion, communication, pricing and other variables of the marketing mix. Market segments should be formed in that way that difference between buyers within each segment is as small as possible. Thus, every segment can be addressed with an individually targeted marketing mix. The importance of market segmentation results from the fact that the buyers of a product or a service are no homogenousRead MoreStp Market Segmentation6064 Words   |  25 PagesWhen it comes to marketing strategies, most people spontaneously think about the 4P (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) – maybe extended by three more Ps for marketing services (People, Processes, Physical Evidence). Market segmentation and the identification of target markets, however, are an important element of each marketing strategy. They are the basis for determining any particular marketing mix. Basic steps in marketing strategy are as follows:- * ATTRIBUTES OF EFFECTIVE SEGMENTATION Read MoreMarketing Management For Tourism And Hospitality2737 Words   |  11 PagesDate: 08th February 2015 Course / Subject: Marketing Management for Tourism and Hospitality Year: 2 Module Code: TL2008 Semester: 2 Module Title: Marketing Management for Tourism Hospitality Assessment No: 1 (resubmission) Module Tutor: Dr. Philip Stone Student Declaration in Respect of Plagiarism:- ‘In submitting this form, I confirm that this assignment which I have submitted is all my own work and the source of any information or material I have used (including the internet)Read More00002525 Develop A Media Plan4575 Words   |  19 Pagesï » ¿ BSB51207 DIPLOMA OF MARKETING BSBADV507B (DEVELOP A MEDIA PLAN) STUDENT NAME : MOOI TING TAN (KAREN) STUDENT ID : 00002525 TRAINER NAME : Mr. Mo Sadique SCHOOL NAME : Australian learning ,Training and Education Centre (ALTEC) Assessment Task 1 AQWA Organization Profile Since 1988, AQWA has presentedRead MoreExecutive Summary : Mcdonald s Australia4286 Words   |  18 Pagesinputs, transformation and outputs. Marketing is key to the McDonald’s function, through the use of advertising and various publicity opportunities which continually builds the McDonald’s repute and service. Finally, human resources is an extremely important facet of McDonald’s function in order to manage the large amount of employees and effectively train and develop excellent customer service and value. Thus, the key business function of Operations, Marketing and Human Resources are extremely importantRead MoreMarketing Communications of Next Plc3310 Words   |  14 PagesMarketing communication of NEXT plc Retail outlets and emailing influential people on the product’s behalf similar developments are likely to continue in the future whereby consumer targets become active participants in the design and implementation of marketing communication efforts. In order to respond most effectively and efficiently to changing world, marketers must have a clear understanding and accurate picture of the directions those changes are taking. Such a picture cannot emerge withoutRead MoreThe Marketing Plan Of San Juan Islands2113 Words   |  9 PagesThe purpose of this report is to evaluate the 2016 destination marketing and budget plan of San Juan Islands, drawing on Middleton et al. (2009)’s marketing planning process. This report will also give recommendations regarding the marketing research and sustainable tourism management. 3. 2016 DESTINATION MARKETING AND BUDGET PLAN OF SAN JUAN ISLANDS This section will be dedicated to the evaluation of the 2016’s destination marketing plan of San Juan Islands that sets out goals and concrete strategies

Feminism in Jane Eyre - 1423 Words

Feminism in Jane Eyre Jay Sheldon Feminism has been a prominent and controversial topic in writings for the past two centuries. With novels such as Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice, or even William Shakespeares Macbeth the fascination over this subject by authors is evident. In Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre the main character, Jane Eyre, explores the depth at which women may act in society and finds her own boundaries in Victorian England. As well, along with the notions of feminism often follow the subjects of class distinctions and boundaries. There is an ample amount of evidence to suggest that the tone of Jane Eyre is in fact a very feminist one and may well be thought as relevant to the women of today who feel they have been†¦show more content†¦He asks them whether or not a Jew will bleed when pricked, or whether or not they experience emotion, or have dimensions. Just as his famous speech is one for the equality of the races, this quote is one for the equality of the sexes. Jane proclaims to Rochester that she has as much soul as [him] and just full as heart. Showing that as a women she is no different from him, and thus should be treated no differently is evidently attempting the same effect as Shylock in The Merchant of Venice. The end of this quotation explicitly states that when they both die they will stand at Gods feet equal - as we are. Jane Eyre lived a hard life, filled with hatred and anger. However, her ability to overcome all of this shows her strength, a power that women such as Blanche Ingram or the other superficial women would not posses. Her ability to comfort the aunt who had once treated her terribly is more power than some people could ever hope to obtain. Though the death of her good friend Helen did effect Jane deeply, her maturation throughout the novel gives her the ability to cope with disaster more readily. When she found out that the man she loved was already married, she was able to control herself better than many men would ever be able to. When leaving Rochester the feelings of sadness, betrayal, and remorse were overwhelmingShow MoreRelatedFeminism in Jane Eyre1317 Words   |  6 PagesFeminism in Jane Eyre After reading Jane Eyre, I think Jane Eyre is a great woman. Jane is disadvantaged in many ways as she has no wealth, family, social position or beauty. Jane does have intelligence though, and her disposition is such to make Rochester fall in love with her. Through a serious of troublesome situations between Jane Eyre and Mr. Rochester, the author set up a great female image before us: insisting on maintaining an independent personality, pursuing individual freedom, advocatingRead MoreFeminism in Jane Eyre753 Words   |  4 PagesAP English III Charlotte Bronte wrote Jane Eyre in 1847, when men were far superior to women. That is why a major debate remains on whether Jane Eyre is a feminist novel or not. It would not be surprising to say that the novel has very feminist undertones because of the time period, the Victorian Era, in which women were treated poorly. However, one could argue that Jane Eyre is actually an anti-feminist novel due to some of the context throughout the story. Both these feminist and anti-feministRead MoreFeminism In Jane Eyre1679 Words   |  7 Pagesnovels--Jane Eyre--of her time period when she created the unique and feminist female heroine, Jane Eyre. Throughout the novel, Jane becomes stronger as she speaks out against antagonists. She presses to find happiness whether she is single or married and disregards society’s rules. The novel begins as Jane is a small, orphan child living with her aunt and cousins due to the death of her parents and her uncle. Jane s aunt--Mrs. Reed--degr ades her as she favors her biological children. Jane s aunt--MrsRead MoreFeminism In Jane Eyre1729 Words   |  7 Pageshroughout the history of English, Literature feminism has remained one of the central themes in many amazing works of literature. This concept represents feminine independence and self-esteem in a male-dominated society. One of the famous authors who convey this idea is Charlotte Brontà « especially in her best-selling novel Jane Eyre in which she discusses the social background of the Victorian society and its effect on women. What society teaches women is not always right; it is up to women to relyRead MoreJane Eyre and Feminism1822 Words   |  8 PagesCharlotte Brontes novel Jane Eyre embraces many feminist views in opposition to the Victorian feminine ideal. Charlotte Bronte herself was among the first feminist writers of her time, and wrote this book in order to send the message of feminism to a Victorian-Age Society in which women were looked upon as infe rior and repressed by the society in which they lived. This novel embodies the ideology of equality between a man and woman in marriage, as well as in society at large. As a feminist writerRead MoreTheme Of Feminism In Jane Eyre1733 Words   |  7 PagesGriesinger perceives that Charlotte Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s focus on both women and religion to be so prominent in Jane Eyre that she coined the term â€Å"biblical feminism† to simultaneously refer to these two themes. Brontà « wrote the novel in a time where radical feminist Protestantism was increasingly explored, and Griesinger’s overarching view is that Brontà « intended to illustrate that women of faith, like Jane, â€Å"are not disempowered but find strength to obey God even if it means going against social and literaryRead MoreOn Feminism and Jane Eyre Essay1257 Words   |  6 Pageswith, men in a society dominated by men. These seekers are called feminists and many feminists see Charlotte Bronte’s titula r character Jane Eyre as a proto-feminist icon of the Victorian era. Not only does Jane Eyre show the struggle of one woman under one man it represents the struggle of women in a male-dominated society. Reading Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre through a feminist perspective reveals Jane’s fight for independence, individuality, and equality in a society controlled and dominated byRead More Jane Eyre and Feminism Essay1799 Words   |  8 Pages Charlotte Bronte’s novel Jane Eyre embraces many feminist views in opposition to the Victorian feminine ideal. Charlotte Bronte herself was among the first feminist writers of her time, and wrote this book in order to send the message of feminism to a Victorian-Age Society in which women were looked upon as inferior and repressed by the society in which they lived. This novel embodies the ideology of equality between a man and woman in marriage, as well as in society at large. As a feminist writerRead MoreJane Eyre, The Bluest Eye, And Feminism1422 Words   |  6 PagesPavit Singh Mr. Trott English 2 Honors Period 5 15 May 2015 Jane Eyre, The Bluest Eye, and Feminism Feminism. It’s a big concept in society today, but has it always been that way? Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is a famous work on the basis of her own experiences. In this novel, the author shapes a tough and independent woman who pursues true love and equality. In the Victorian period, the image of Jane Eyre cast a sharp contrast to the man-dominated society. She stands for a new lady who hasRead MoreFeminism in Jane Eyre Essay1648 Words   |  7 Pages Jane Eyre was written in a time where the Bildungsroman was a common form of literature. The importance was that the mid-nineteenth century was, the age in which women were, for the first time, ranked equally with men as writers within a major genre (Sussman 1). In many of these novels, the themes were the same; the protagonist dealt with the same issues, search for autonomy and selfhood in opposition to the social constraints placed upon the female, including the demand for marriage (Sussman)

Great Depression Effects Essay Example For Students

Great Depression Effects Essay Many times throughout history the United States has undergone economicdepression. The most recognized period of economic depression is called theGreat Depression. The Great Depression is well known because of the seriousnessof the stock market crash. The results of the crash were more serious than anyother crash throughout American History. The Great Depression caused a change inthe nature of the American family, an increase in poverty, and President HerbertHoovers proposal for immediate action by the government, balanced his belief inrugged individualism with the economic necessities. While mostAmericans are familiar with the Great Depression as a time of economic disaster,it also had an impact on the American Family life. There were obviousdifferences in the classes as a result of the Great Depression. The lower andthe middle classes changed considerably, but the upper class lifestyle did notvary a great deal. (Simmons 41) The fathers role as head of the householdbecame more challe nging because there were fewer jobs. The expectation was forfathers to work and support their families. The reality of the lower class wasthat few men brought home paychecks. Some fathers suffered anxiety and a feelingof worthlessness for failing to provide for their families. Many resorted tostealing food and money just to survive. (Simmons 41) Women were offered greateropportunities in the work force, however they tended to take the position ofstay-at-home mothers. According to Simmons Men resented employed women forthey felt that they were occupying jobs that could be given to unemployedmen.(Simmons 43) Children in the lower class were expected to get aneducation so that they could improve their situation. In addition they wereneeded at home to help with household chores. Unfortunately, many poor childrendropped out of school because of their obligations at home. Children in themiddle class were better than those in the lower class. They had the opportunityto stay in school and w ere treated to some luxuries. The children of the upperclass families received an excellent education and were treated to manyluxuries. (Simmons 42-43) Along with a change in the American family life, therewas also an increase in poverty. The Great Depression was an intense time ofpoverty. The downfall of American businesses, the closing of banks, and thelowered employment contributed to this period of destitute. According to an oldstudy 26,000 American businesses collapsed; in 1931, 28,000 more met thesame fate. And by the beginning of 1932, nearly 3,500 banks, holding billions ofdollars in uninsured deposits, had gone under. Twelve million people wereunemployed (nearly 25 percent of the workforce), and the real earnings for thosestill lucky enough to have jobs fell by a third (Internet). Thisstatistical evidence effectively illustrates the increase in poverty caused bythe Great Depression. An additional result of the Great Depression was thatPresident Hoover balanced his belief of rugged individualism withthe economic necessities of the time by proposing direct action by thegovernment. Hoover had only been in office for eight months when the stockmarket crashed. At first he treated this financial disaster and decline inemployment and business that followed the Great Depression as a panic. Accordingto The American Pageant He was accused of saying, yet did not use theseprecise words, that prosperity was just around the corner (Bailey 776). Asthe depression got worse Hoover became more and more concerned about thetroubles of Americans. Hoover refused to agree with the request of the Democratsin Congress, who wanted the government to distribute money to the unemployed. as a rugged individualist deeply rooted in anearlier era of free enterprise, shrank from the heresy of government handouts. Poverty And Its Effects On America EssayChildren in the middle class were better than those in the lower class. They hadthe opportunity to stay in school and were treated to some luxuries. Thechildren of the upper class families received an excellent education and weretreated to many luxuries. (Simmons 42-43) Along with a change in the Americanfamily life, there was also an increase in poverty. The Great Depression was anintense time of poverty. The downfall of American businesses, the closing ofbanks, and the lowered employment contributed to this period of destitute. According to an old study 26,000 American businesses collapsed; in 1931,28,000 more met the same fate. And by the beginning of 1932, nearly 3,500 banks,holding billions of dollars in uninsured deposits, had gone under. Twelvemillion people were unemployed (nearly 25 percent of the workforce), and thereal earnings for those still lucky enough to have jobs fell by a third(Internet). This statistical evidence effectively illustrates the increase inpoverty caused by the Great Depression. An additional result of the GreatDepression was that President Hoover balanced his belief of ruggedindividualism with the economic necessities of the time by proposingdirect action by the government. Hoover had only been in office for eight monthswhen the stock market crashed. At first he treated this financial disaster anddecline in employment and business that followed the Great Depression as apanic. According to The American Pageant He was accused of saying, yet didnot use these precise words, that pr osperity was just around the corner(Bailey 776). As the depression got worse Hoover became more and more concernedabout the troubles of Americans. Hoover refused to agree with the request of theDemocrats in Congress, who wanted the government to distribute money to theunemployed. as a rugged individualist deeplyrooted in an earlier era of free enterprise, shrank from the heresy ofgovernment handouts. Convinced that industry, thrift, and self-reliance were thevirtues that made America great, President Hoover felt that a government dolingout doles would weaken, perhaps destroy the national fiber(Bailey 776). However, President Hoover would assist the hard-pressed railroads, banks,and rural credit corporations, in the hope that if financial health wererestored at the top of the economic pyramid, unemployment would be relieved atthe bottom on a trickle-down basis (Bailey 777). In order for Hoover to doso he introduced The Reconstruction Act. This Act was created to prepareemergency financing for banks, insurance companies, and other companies. TheGlass-Steagall Act used government gold reserves to help industry. The FederalHome Loan Bank Act created discount banks to help refinance homes and preventforeclosures. Hoover also wanted the reform of bankruptcy laws to help in thereconstruction of businesses. He supported a loan of $300 million to states fordirect relief, expansion of public works, and cutbacks in the federalgovernment. By proposing this act President Hoover was not giving up his beliefin rugged individualism. He was not supporting the Democrats calls forincreased welfare. Inste ad he was providing better access to loans and financingso that Americans could help themselves. Although his actions did stop increaseddestruction from occurring, he did not get the credit he deserved. (Simmons46-49) The Great Depression had an enormous effect on American life. It effectedfamily life by altering the status of the family members. Poverty increased asseen through the number of collapsed American businesses, closed banks, andlowered employment rates. President Hoover balanced the economic needs of thecountry with his personal belief in rugged individualism. Heproposed a series of acts to address these economic needs including theReconstruction Act, the Stealgal Act, and the Federal Home Loan Bank Act.

Treasure Island Essays - English-language Films, Lost Films

Treasure Island Treasure Island The title of this book is Treasure Island. It is written by Robert Lewis Stevenson and takes place mainly on Treasure Island. There were many characters in this story but the most substantial were; Jim Hawkins the cabin boy/narrator; Long John Silver the captain; David Livesey the ships doctor; Pew the blind-beggar; and John Trelawney the owner of the ship. After the Captain had died from an overdose of Rum, Dr. Livesey looked through the Captain's coat and there he found a book. Later Dr. Livesey, Jim, and the squire looked through the book the doctor had found, the doctor opened the seals with great care, and there fell out the map of an island. It had the latitude and longitude, soundings, names of hills, bays, and inlets, and every detail that would be needed to bring a ship to a safe anchorage upon the island. ?In three weeks time Hawkins shall come as cabin boy. You, Livesey, are ship's doctor; I am admiral.? The ship was already bought and fitted. It lied at anchor, ready for sea. The two hundred-ton ship was named Hispaniola. They were ready to go treasure hunting. Well since they didn't have a Captain they had to find someone they knew was an experienced sailor-man, and above all, they could trust. So they told Jim where he could find a man of that caliber by the name of Long John Silver. When Jim reached his destination he looked around and found some one that he thought met the description of a sailor. He went up to the man and said, ?Long John The man replied. It happened to be the person Jim was looking for. So Jim told him the plan about the treasure hunt. Long John wasn't too thrilled about the idea of treasure hunting (since he had had bad experiences treasure hunting), but he agreed to it any ways. The voyage was long but the crew proved them self's worthy. As they steadily approached the island Jim was feeling sick, he said to himself ?perhaps it was the look of the island with its gray, melancholy woods, and wild stone spires, and the surf that I could see and hear foaming and thundering on the steep beach. Although the sun shone bri ght and hot, and the shore birds were fishing and crying all around them, you would have thought anyone would have been glad to get to land after being so long at sea, Jim's heart sank, as the saying is, into my boots; and from the first look onward, he hated the very thought of Treasure Island. ? Out, lads, out, and fight 'em in the open! Cutlasses! cried the captain. Round the house, lads! Round the house! cried the captain. ?And yet, in this breath of time, the fight was over and the victory was ours.? These words were spoken during the brutal fight between the pirates and the crew of the Hispaniola while on the island. The climax was when the crew aboard the Hispaniola finally found the treasure in a secluded location as the map had stated. In the treasure there were many different things such as. English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Georges, and Louises, doubloons and double guineas and moidores and sequins, the pictures of all the kings of Europe for the last hundred years. Strange Oriental pieces stamped with what looked like wisps of string or bits of spider's web. Round pieces and square pieces, and pieces bored through the middle, as if to wear them round your neck -- nearly every variety of money in the world must, I think, have found a place in that collection. Well, to make a long story short, they got a few hands on board, made a good cruise home, and the Hispaniola reached Bristol. Five men only of those who had sailed returned with her. Drink and the devil had done for the rest. All the men had a sufficient share of treasure. Nothing would bring Jim back to that accursed island; and th e worst dreams that he'll ever have are when he hears the surf booming about its coasts or start upright in his bed with the sharp voice of Captain

Ethics in My Life Essays

Ethics in My Life Essays Ethics in My Life Essay Ethics in My Life Essay â€Å"Ethics† in my life. â€Å"Ethics† are many things. Ethics are personal and, at the same time, a very public display of your attitudes and beliefs. Ethics are not: a religion and a political stance. Ethics are also not something that can only be understood by extremely intelligent people. It is because of ethical beliefs that we humans may act differently in different in situations. Ethics can and do change, whether we are with family, at work, at a sports event, with friends, alone, etc. The list is endless. There are a couple of items about ethics that may seem a little confusing. First, some people believe that ethics are legal and binding; however, ethics are not the same as laws. Things that are legal may not be ethical, and things that are ethical may not be legal. For example: it may be illegal to assist a felon, but many people could not stand by and not provide assistance if the person was critically injured and dying. You should also know that in ethics there are no perfect explanation of right and wrong. Ethical values have a tremendous range. That is why it is so important for you to discover your ethical stances. What do you believe and why? It is impossible to teach someone ethics, but you can learn it. In my experience I had a personal situation when I came to the army. The first year of the army is always the hardest because of the moral and physical pressure. The soldiers who were in the army for the second year are the ones who put the new recruits through misery. They give them all the hard and embarrassing work. And during all this experience I felt horrible and brought down, I remember that feeling until this day. The next year when the new recruits arrived, I reminded myself at how bad I felt when I was one of the new guys, so I tried my best to treat all the new recruits the best possible way, because I knew how hard that was. After all this I started to understand the importance of good ethics and now my principle in life is, treat other how you want to be treated. We all have many different moments of embarrassment or bullying which might have happened when we were small or even now, it doesn’t have to be physically it could also be mentally and emotionally, but will we carry this anger around or will we turn this bad situation into a good one and help a friend in need.

Use of Thematic Maps in Geography

Use of Thematic Maps in Geography A thematic map emphasizes a theme or topic, such as the average distribution of rainfall in an area. Theyre different from general reference maps because they dont just show natural and manmade features such as rivers, cities, political subdivisions, and highways. If these items appear on a thematic map, theyre reference points to enhance ones understanding of the maps theme and purpose. Normally, thematic maps use coastlines, city locations, and political boundaries as their basis. The maps theme is then layered onto this base map via different mapping programs and technologies such as geographic information systems (GIS). History Thematic maps didnt develop until the mid-17th century, because accurate base maps didnt exist before then. Once maps became accurate enough to correctly display coastlines, cities, and other boundaries, the first thematic maps were created. In 1686, for example, English astronomer Edmond Halley developed a star chart and published the first meteorological chart using base maps as his reference in an article he wrote about trade winds. In 1701, Halley published the first chart to show lines of magnetic variation,  a thematic map that later became useful in navigation. Halleys maps were largely used for navigation and study of the physical environment. In 1854, London doctor John Snow created the first thematic map used for problem analysis when he mapped choleras spread throughout the city. He began with a base map of Londons neighborhoods that included streets and water pump locations. He then mapped locations where people had died from cholera on that base map and found that the deaths clustered around one pump. He determined that the water coming from the pump was the cause of cholera. The first map of Paris showing population density was developed by Louis-Leger Vauthier, a French engineer. It used isolines (lines connecting points of equal value) to show population distribution throughout the city. He is believed to have been the first to use isolines to display a theme that didnt have to do with physical geography. Audiences and Sources The most significant factor to consider when designing thematic maps is the maps audience, which helps determine what items should be included on the map as reference points in addition to the theme. A map being made for a political scientist, for example, would need to show political boundaries, whereas one for a biologist might need contours showing elevation. The sources of thematic maps data are also important. Cartographers must find accurate, recent, reliable sources of information on a wide range of subjects, from environmental features to demographic data, to make the best possible maps. Once accurate data is found, there are various ways to use that data that must be considered with the maps theme. Univariate mapping deals with only one type of data and looks at the occurrence of one type of event. This process would be good for mapping a locations rainfall. Bivariate data mapping shows the distribution of two data sets and models their correlations, such as rainfall amounts relative to elevation. Multivariate data mapping, which uses two or more data sets, could look at rainfall, elevation, and the amount of vegetation relative to both, for example. Types of Thematic Maps Although cartographers can use data sets in different ways to create thematic maps, five thematic mapping techniques are used most often: The most common is the choropleth map, which portrays quantitative data as a color and can show density, percent, average value, or quantity of an event within a geographic area. Sequential colors represent increasing or decreasing positive or negative data values. Normally, each color also represents a range of values.Proportional or graduated symbols are used in another type of map to represent data associated with locations, such as cities. Data is displayed on these maps with proportionally sized symbols to show differences in occurrences. Circles are most often used, but squares and other geometric shapes are also suitable. The most common way to size these symbols is to make their areas proportional to the values to be depicted using mapping or drawing software.Another thematic map, the isarithmic or contour map, uses isolines to depict continuous values such as precipitation levels. These maps also can display three-dimensional values, such as elevation, on topographic maps. G enerally, data for isarithmic maps is gathered via measurable points (e.g. weather stations) or is collected by area (e.g. tons of corn per acre by county). Isarithmic maps also follow the basic rule that there are high and low sides in relation to the isoline. For example, in elevation, if the isoline is 500 feet, then one side must be higher than 500 feet and one side must be lower. A dot map, another type of thematic map, uses dots to show the presence of a theme and display a spatial pattern. A dot can represent one unit or several, depending on what is being depicted.Finally, dasymetric mapping is a complex variation on the choropleth map that uses statistics and additional information to combine areas with similar values instead of using the administrative boundaries common in a simple choropleth map.

Segmentation in the holiday market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Segmentation in the holiday market - Essay Example The customers may differ in the time, place, level, type and subject of education. The choice for market segmentation breathes several crucial reasons for existence and preference. A segmented market provides a better match of customers’ needs. As we know, customers needs differ, so we believe that a segmented market shall hold the ability to address these differing needs. This results in greater customer satisfaction and resultant increase in sales. The acceptance and application of segmentation can see a significant increase in profits for business. Since every customer can afford a different monetary amount for a commodity, segmentation can help increase the average price. This can add to the profit in business. The better opportunities for growth find their existence in the segmented market. It aids in building sales. It also helps retain more customers or say more variety of customers. A customer’s need may change with the changing time. For example, the customer grows older, forms families, and has children, change jobs, or care for a change in living place. By virtue of marketing products that appeal to customers at different stages of their life (â€Å"life-cycle†), a business can maintain customers who might otherwise change their focus to other existent market products. Segmentation of market also helps in the act of targeting marketing communications. It is essential for the growth of any business that its marketing messages reach the prospective customers. However, in the case of a huge size market, there exists a strong risk of missing the important consumers. The expense of communicating the marketing message to the complete market without provision of segmentation is real high. The benefit of segmentation here is to reach the targeted customers more often and at lowers expense. Carefully designed segmentation helps target the market with precision. It